LIC1-Stream

=Long Island Creek site 1A - Stream=

__Overview__
Site 1A is a **muddy bottom stream** as defined by the Adopt-A-Stream criteria for "Determining Stream Type." North Georgia streams are typically **rocky bottom streams,** and South Georgia streams are typically **muddy bottom streams;** however, where residential developments are found, the streams often change in type due to the addition of topsoil, plantings, and subsequent runoff that deposits fine silt into the stream bed. Such is the case in Site 1A, where there is evidence of the residential effects on the stream, with considerable deposits of fine silt and organic matter. The Site 1A **muddy bottom stream** type is represented in Long Island Creek by grass and English ivy (vegetated margins), tree roots, leaves, and branches (woody debris with organic matter), and a substrate of mud.

__In-Stream Characteristics__
Using the Georgia Adopt-A-Stream Visual Survey Form, the in-stream characteristics start with defining the stream reach. The bankfull width in this case is 3.5 feet multiplied by 12, for a stream reach of 42 feet. On 19 June 2012, when the visual survey was conducted, the weather was noted as having had rain within the previous 24 hours. One pool was identified with no flowing water (see the picture below). The stream reach was almost completely embedded with mud. In fact, the third picture of this page shows the culvert partially filled with mud. As mentioned before, the presence of leaves, twigs, and root mats are plentiful. As for water clarity on the day of the visual survey, no staining or suspended matter was observed, but leaves and silt had settled to the bottom of the pool. The water had no odor, but there was a naturally oily sheen to the surface.



__12 June 2012__
At the first visit, the stream was a pool of murky water due to a rain event the previous day that caused erosion and runoff from the adjacent watershed area. The stream was not flowing and therefore had zero velocity.

__Bank Erosion__
The remediation for erosion control includes a wooden retaining wall on the downstream right bank, and riprap (granite stones) and English ivy on the downstream left bank. These measures indicate that during heavy rain events, the water rises rapidly and to a much higher level than during normal rain events. The restoration in the floodplain is somewhat successful in controlling erosion and halting the deepening of the stream channel. The plants with their root networks have reduced the erosion on both banks.



__19 June 2012__
At the second visit, the pool of water was much smaller due to evaporation and no additional rain. The weather conditions were dry and hot, with record high temperatures. There was no flow and no velocity. The murky water noticed at the previous visit was now clearer because the suspended particles had settled and deposited to the streambed.



__26 June 2012__
At the third visit, the pool of water had totally evaporated and/or percolated underground, depositing the fine silt to the streambed. Please note that the silt deposits in the culvert that have filled approximately 1/3 the pipe's diameter. The current weather patterns of dry, hot weather conditions continued, contributing to the water loss. Site 1A is open and exposed to sunlight and wind, which further promotes evaporation.

__Physical Measurements__
in feet || Water width in feet || Height 1 || Height 2 || Height 3 || Height 4 || Height 5 || Height 6 || Height 7 || Height 8 || Height9 || Height 10 ||
 * Date || Bankfull width
 * 19 June 2012 || 17 || 5.5 || 0 || 3.00 || 3.20 || 3.60 || 4.25 || 4.50 || 4.42 || 4.33 || 3.33 || 0 ||

__Discharge__
Depth in decimal feet ||= Average Width in decimal feet ||= **Area** in seconds ||= Length in feet ||= **Speed** in cubic feet/sec || As site 1A had no water movement, it therefore had no speed or discharge.
 * = Date ||= Average
 * in decimal sqft** ||= Average Time
 * ft/sec** ||= **Coefficient** ||= Stream Flow
 * = June 12, 2012 ||= 0.533 ||= 3.5 ||= 1.943667 ||= 0 ||= 18 ||= 0 ||= .8 ||= 0 ||
 * = June 19, 2012 ||= 0.21 ||= 2.5 ||= 0.525 ||= 0 ||= 18 ||= 0 ||= .8 ||= 0 ||
 * = June 26, 2012 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||= 0 ||= .8 ||= 0 ||

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